— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人正接受萬古黴素（Vancomycin）治療嚴重 MRSA 感染。下列哪項評估結果顯示需要立即介入的潛在不良反應？
A client is receiving vancomycin for a severe MRSA infection. Which assessment finding indicates a potential adverse reaction requiring immediate intervention?
- ADevelopment of a maculopapular rash出現斑丘疹
- BComplaints of localized vein pain抱怨局部靜脈疼痛
- CFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- DMild elevation in serum creatinine血清肌酸酐輕微升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，表現為臉部、頸部與上軀幹的潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。這是類過敏反應，雖不具生命威脅，但必須立即暫停輸注或減緩滴速，並通知醫師評估是否給予抗組織胺。D 和 A 雖需處理，但紅人症候群對輸注速度最敏感。
Flushing of the face and neck indicates Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. This condition requires immediate intervention by slowing the infusion rate and notifying the provider to prevent progression to hypotension.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床護理師常需依醫囑調整輸注速度；美國護理師依 protocol 調整的授權範圍更廣。