— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位急性腎損傷（AKI）病人過去 24 小時尿量為 100 mL。此發現提示：
A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a urine output of 100 mL in the past 24 hours. This finding is indicative of:
- AOliguria✓ 正解少尿
- BPolyuria多尿
- CAnuria無尿
- DAdequate renal function腎功能充足
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Oliguria 指的是尿量顯著減少，通常定義為 24 小時尿量少於 400 mL。Anuria 則指無尿（<100 mL/24hr）。100 mL 尿量顯著低於正常，屬於 Oliguria 的範圍，表示腎臟功能嚴重受損。
Oliguria is defined as significantly reduced urine output, typically less than 400 mL in 24 hours. Since the client produced only 100 mL, this indicates severe renal impairment consistent with oliguria. Anuria refers to urine output of less than 100 mL, which is not the case here.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國腎臟科護理師在照護 AKI 病人時，會密切關注尿量變化；台灣亦同，但可能需與病人及家屬溝通 IVFluids 的必要性。