護理師協助高齡病人晨間清潔，哪項安全措施為最高優先級？
A nurse is preparing to assist an elderly client with morning hygiene. Which safety intervention is the highest priority?
- AEnsure the call light is within reach確保呼叫鈴在觸手可及之處
- BApply non-slip footwear before assisting with ambulation在協助行走前穿著防滑鞋
- CLock the wheels on the bed and bedside chair鎖定床和床邊椅子的輪子
- DTest the water temperature before washing the client✓ 正解清洗病人前測試水溫
高齡病人的皮膚保護屏障減弱，且常伴隨周邊神經病變（Peripheral neuropathy）導致對溫度的感覺遲鈍。在進行洗澡等日常護理（Hygiene）時，病人極易因水溫過高而不自知，進而發生嚴重燙傷。護理師在執行任何涉及物理接觸的護理措施前，必須確保環境與設備對病人是安全的。測試水溫是預防傷害的基礎步驟，符合護理安全中「病人安全優先」的原則。
Elderly clients have a diminished protective skin barrier and often have concurrent peripheral neuropathy, which dulls their perception of temperature. During hygiene care such as bathing, the client is highly susceptible to severe burns from water that is too hot without realizing it. Before performing any nursing intervention involving physical contact, the nurse must ensure that the environment and equipment are safe for the client. Testing the water temperature is a fundamental step in preventing harm and aligns with the nursing safety principle of placing client safety first.