— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師執行靜脈輸注氯化鉀 20 mEq，下列哪項行動對安全至關重要？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action by the nurse is essential for safety?
- AVerify the medication is diluted in an appropriate volume of solution✓ 正解確認藥物已稀釋於適當體積的溶液中
- BAssess the client's blood pressure prior to administration給藥前評估病人血壓
- CAdminister the medication as an IV bolus push作為靜脈推注給藥
- DAdminister the dose through a central line only僅通過中心靜脈導管給藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀嚴禁靜脈直接推注（IV push），因為會導致心律不整及心跳停止。必須充分稀釋並使用輸液幫浦控制速率。評估重點在於腎功能與尿量是否足夠，而非血壓。選擇 B 是為了確保藥物濃度在安全範圍內，避免血管刺激與心臟毒性。
Potassium chloride must be properly diluted to prevent phlebitis and cardiac toxicity, as direct IV push is lethal. Safety priorities include verifying dilution, monitoring renal function via urine output, and using an infusion pump, rather than assessing blood pressure or restricting administration solely to central lines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆嚴禁推注。台灣護理常規通常要求濃度不得超過 10mEq/100ml，且必須透過輸液幫浦給藥。