— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人獲開立靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師應採取哪項行動？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action should the nurse take?
- ADilute the medication and infuse at a rate no faster than 10 mEq/hr✓ 正解稀釋藥物並以不超過10 mEq/hr的速度輸注
- BVerify that the patient has a central line before starting the infusion開始輸注前確認病人有中心靜脈導管
- CInject the medication directly into an existing IV line without flushing不沖洗現有靜脈線直接注入藥物
- DAdminister the medication via IV push以靜脈推注方式給藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀嚴禁靜脈推注（IV Push），因為會導致急性高鉀血症，進而引起心搏停止。週邊靜脈輸注時，速度通常限制在每小時不超過 10 mEq，且需稀釋。選項 B 不正確，因為雖然中央管線更安全，但週邊管線亦可依特定安全規範（稀釋與速度）進行給藥。
IV push of potassium chloride is strictly prohibited because it causes acute hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest. For peripheral IV infusion, the rate is typically limited to no more than 10 mEq/hour, and the medication must be diluted. Option B is incorrect because, although a central line is safer, KCl can also be administered through a peripheral line if dilution and rate protocols are strictly followed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於 Potassium 輸注安全規範高度一致，皆為絕對不能 IV Push 的高警訊藥物。