— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施對於緩解呼吸困難的病人有效？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions is effective for a client experiencing dyspnea? (Select all that apply.)
- APosition the client in high-Fowler's position✓ 正解將病人置於高福勒氏臥位
- BEncourage pursed-lip breathing✓ 正解鼓勵噘唇呼吸
- CAdminister oxygen as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑給予氧氣
- DEncourage physical activity to improve stamina鼓勵身體活動以提升耐力
- EProvide a small, frequent meal plan✓ 正解提供少量多餐的飲食計畫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呼吸困難護理應從改善呼吸力學、氧氣供應與減少耗氧量著手。高半坐臥位（A）與噘嘴呼吸（B）能有效改善肺部擴張與氣體交換；給氧（C）緩解缺氧；小量多餐（E）可減少胃部膨脹對橫膈膜造成的壓力。急性呼吸困難時應限制活動（D），而非鼓勵運動。
Effective interventions for dyspnea include positioning the client in high-Fowler's to maximize lung expansion, encouraging pursed-lip breathing to keep airways open, and administering prescribed oxygen. Providing small, frequent meals reduces diaphragmatic pressure from gastric distension, whereas physical activity should be limited during acute episodes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無差異，此為標準呼吸系統照護護理步驟。