— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位接受全髖關節置換術後的病人，下列哪項措施對防止義肢脫位至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is essential to prevent dislocation of the prosthesis?
- APerform passive range-of-motion exercises on the operative hip對手術側髖關節執行被動關節活動度運動
- BUse an abduction pillow between the legs when the client is supine✓ 正解當病人仰臥時，在雙腿之間放置外展枕
- CRaise the head of the bed to 90 degrees during meals進餐時將床頭抬高至90度
- DEncourage the client to cross legs while sitting in a chair鼓勵病人在坐椅子時交叉雙腿
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後，關鍵在於維持外展位以防脫位。使用外展枕可保持雙腿適度分開，防止髖關節過度內收或內旋，這是避免術後義肢脫位最常見的物理防護手段。其他選項如交叉雙腿或過度彎曲髖關節都會增加脫位風險，應嚴格禁止。
To prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, an abduction pillow should be placed between the legs to maintain proper alignment and prevent adduction. Crossing the legs or excessive hip flexion increases dislocation risk and must be avoided. Passive range-of-motion exercises should only be performed as specifically ordered by the surgeon.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視外展枕為標準配備，但台灣病房空間較小，護理師更需注意床邊移位時的姿勢指導。