— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師的哪些行為展現了「病人倡導者」的角色？（選所有適合的）
Which actions by the nurse demonstrate the role of a client advocate? (Select all that apply.)
- AEnsuring the client has given informed consent before surgery✓ 正解確保病人在手術前已簽署知情同意書
- BContacting the provider when the client's pain is not managed✓ 正解當病人疼痛未獲控制時聯繫醫師
- CAssisting the client to choose a long-term care facility協助病人選擇長期護理機構
- DTelling a client which treatment option is best for them告訴病人哪種治療選項最適合他們
- EProtecting the client's privacy from family members when requested✓ 正解應病人要求保護其隱私不受家人侵犯
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
倡導者角色包括確保病人自主權（簽署同意書）、維護其利益（溝通疼痛控制不足）及保護隱私。C 選項屬於個案管理或社工職責；D 選項違反了自主原則，護理師應提供資訊讓病人決定，而非代替病人決定。倡導的核心是讓病人的聲音被聽見並保護其權利。
Acting as a client advocate involves protecting the client's legal and ethical rights, such as ensuring informed consent is obtained before procedures. Advocacy also includes communicating the client's needs to the healthcare team, such as reporting unmanaged pain, and respecting the client's wishes regarding privacy and confidentiality. Nurses should provide information to support client autonomy rather than making decisions for them.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師在法律上被賦予極大的倡導責任；台灣臨床上，病人自主權常受家族文化影響，護理師需在倫理與傳統間折衝。