— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一名第一型糖尿病病人意識喪失，血糖值 35 mg/dL。護理師應優先採取什麼行動？
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is found unconscious. Blood glucose is 35 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- AAdminister subcutaneous insulin給予皮下注射胰島素
- BInitiate an intravenous line with 50% dextrose✓ 正解建立靜脈通路並給予 50% 葡萄糖
- CAdminister 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly肌肉注射 1 mg 升糖素
- DCall the rapid response team呼叫快速反應小組
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
第一型糖尿病病人的低血糖（血糖 35 mg/dL）已達嚴重程度，且伴隨意識喪失。此時病人無法經口攝取葡萄糖，必須透過靜脈途徑（IV）給予 50% 葡萄糖（D50W）以迅速提升腦部供糖，防止腦損傷。若無法建立 IV 通路，則考慮肌肉注射升糖素（Glucagon）。胰島素會進一步降低血糖，絕對禁忌使用。
Severe hypoglycemia with unconsciousness requires immediate glucose replacement via the intravenous route to prevent brain damage. Administering 50% dextrose through an IV line provides the fastest restoration of blood glucose levels when the patient cannot swallow. Intramuscular glucagon is a secondary option if IV access is unavailable, while insulin is strictly contraindicated.