— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人靜脈滴注 1g Vancomycin。滴注 15 分鐘後，病人出現臉部及頸部潮紅。護理師應優先採取何種措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin 1g IVPB to a client. The nurse observes the client's face and neck flushing within 15 minutes of infusion. What is the priority nursing action?
- ASlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
- BNotify the physician to order a different antibiotic通知醫師開立不同抗生素
- CDiscontinue the infusion停止輸注
- DAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此現象為「紅人症候群」(Red Man Syndrome)，源於萬古黴素滴注過快導致組織胺大量釋放。這並非過敏反應，故不必停藥或換藥。處理原則為暫停給藥以緩解症狀，再以較慢速度重新開始，或在醫師評估下給予抗組織胺。優先調整速度是維持治療持續性的關鍵措施。
The client is experiencing Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. The priority nursing action is to slow the infusion rate, which reduces histamine release and alleviates flushing without discontinuing the necessary antibiotic therapy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常依據給藥指引自行調整滴注速度；台灣臨床多半需醫師開立醫囑或藥師重新核定滴注時間。