— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位氣胸病人，預期會發現下列哪項理學評估結果？
A nurse is caring for a client with a pneumothorax. What is the expected physical assessment finding?
- AFine crackles at the base底部有細小囉音
- BDullness on percussion叩診呈濁音
- CHyperresonance on percussion✓ 正解叩診呈過度反響音
- DIncreased tactile fremitus觸診語音震顫增加
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氣胸代表胸膜腔內累積氣體，叩診時會呈現異常的「過度反響音」（Hyperresonance）。Dullness 則代表肺實質病變或胸水，Tactile fremitus 增加代表肺實質密實（肺炎），Fine crackles 是肺水腫或纖維化的特徵。
A pneumothorax involves air accumulation in the pleural space, which causes hyperresonance upon percussion. Other findings such as dullness, increased tactile fremitus, and fine crackles are associated with conditions like fluid accumulation, lung consolidation, or pulmonary edema rather than air in the pleural cavity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美護理師對於理學評估（Physical Assessment）的要求一致，但美國護理師常需記錄並解釋這些發現以支持醫療決策。