護理師為尿失禁病人規劃照護計畫，下列哪項措施有助於維持皮膚完整性？
A nurse is planning care for a client with urinary incontinence. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care to maintain skin integrity?
- ACleanse the skin with harsh soap to remove bacteria使用刺激性肥皂清潔皮膚以去除細菌
- BApply a moisture-barrier cream after cleansing the perineal area✓ 正解清潔會陰區域後塗抹濕氣阻隔霜
- CKeep the perineal area covered with a thick plastic pad用厚塑膠墊覆蓋會陰區域
- DEncourage the client to drink more fluids during the evening鼓勵病人在晚間攝取更多液體
尿失禁病人的皮膚長期處於潮濕環境，極易發生皮膚炎或褥瘡。使用水分阻隔霜可形成保護層，防止尿液對皮膚的直接刺激與浸漬。其他選項如鼓勵晚間飲水會加重夜尿，使用塑料墊會造成悶熱積濕，而強鹼肥皂會破壞皮膚保護層。
Malingering is defined as the intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms motivated by external incentives, such as financial gain, avoiding legal responsibility, or obtaining drugs. It differs from factitious disorder, where symptoms are feigned to assume the sick role without external rewards, and from somatic symptom disorders, where symptoms are not consciously produced. Nurses should maintain objectivity during assessment.
美國護理機構極度重視失禁相關皮膚炎 (IAD) 的標準化預防；台灣則多依賴照服員，護理師衛教與介入策略較為分散。