— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪項護理師的行動最能展現其對「標準防護措施」的理解？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by a nurse demonstrates the best understanding of standard precautions? (Select all that apply.)
- AWearing gloves when touching non-intact skin✓ 正解接觸非完整皮膚時配戴手套
- BWearing a gown during procedures with splash risk✓ 正解在有噴濺風險的程序中穿著隔離衣
- CRecapping a needle after administering an injection注射後將針頭回套
- DPerforming hand hygiene immediately after removing gloves✓ 正解脫除手套後立即執行手部衛生
- EUsing a mask when anticipating contact with body fluids✓ 正解預期會接觸體液時使用口罩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）核心為視所有病人的血液、體液、分泌物與非完整皮膚為具有潛在感染風險，並對其進行個人防護。選擇 A、B、D、E 均正確運用個人防護裝備（PPE）與手部衛生。選項 C 為嚴禁行為，回套針頭是導致針扎受傷的主因。
Standard precautions require the use of personal protective equipment, such as gloves for non-intact skin, gowns for splash risks, and masks for anticipated fluid contact, along with hand hygiene after glove removal. Recapping needles is strictly prohibited due to the high risk of needlestick injuries.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調針頭回套之危害，針頭棄置盒（Sharps container）放置於執行處置處近端是共同的職業安全準則。