— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
一位病人甲狀腺切除術後，下列哪些發現應立即回報醫師？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client after a thyroidectomy. Which findings should be reported to the surgeon immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- ALaryngeal stridor✓ 正解喉鳴
- BPositive Trousseau sign✓ 正解Trousseau 徵象陽性
- CHoarseness during speech說話時聲音沙啞
- DDrainage of 50 mL serosanguinous fluid in 8 hours8 小時內引流 50 mL 血清血性液體
- ETingling sensation in the fingers✓ 正解手指有刺痛感
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺切除後三大併發症：喉頭水腫或氣管受壓造成的喉鳴（呼吸窘迫）、因誤傷副甲狀腺導致低血鈣（Trousseau徵象與手指麻木），需立即處理。聲音沙啞通常是術後暫時性水腫，而引流量在 8 小時內屬於正常範圍。
Acute myocardial infarction reduces cardiac output, triggering a compensatory sympathetic nervous system response characterized by tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction. This physiological reaction redirects blood flow to vital organs but results in cold, clammy skin due to reduced perfusion to the extremities.
✦ 台美臨床差異
甲狀腺術後照護兩地皆高度重視氣道安全，台灣護理師通常會主動評估並備好氣管切開包於床邊。