— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
對於有深層靜脈栓塞 (DVT) 病史的病人，哪些護理措施適合預防併發症？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following nursing actions are appropriate for preventing complications in a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply compression stockings as ordered✓ 正解依指示穿戴彈性襪
- BEncourage increased fluid intake✓ 正解鼓勵增加液體攝取
- CAdvise against crossing legs while sitting✓ 正解建議坐下時不要翹腳
- DPerform leg massages to promote circulation進行腿部按摩以促進循環
- EEncourage early and frequent ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期且頻繁的下床活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）的護理核心在於避免靜脈血流淤滯（Venous Stasis）與預防血栓脫落引發肺栓塞（Pulmonary Embolism）。護理措施應著重於機械性輔助回流、維持血液流動性及避免血管壓迫。對於高風險病人，早期活動與物理輔助是黃金標準，而任何直接刺激患肢的行為皆屬禁忌，因為可能導致血栓脫落。
Preventing DVT complications requires promoting venous return through compression stockings, hydration, and early ambulation, while avoiding leg crossing and massaging the legs to prevent clot dislodgement.