— 照護管理 · HARD · MCQ —
在災難現場，根據分流系統，哪位病人應被分類為「紅色」（緊急立即處理）？
A nurse is managing a disaster situation. Which client should be triaged as 'red' (immediate) under the emergency tag system?
- AA client with a closed femur fracture and stable vital signs生命徵象穩定的閉鎖性股骨骨折患者
- BA client with minor abrasions and contusions有輕微擦傷和挫傷的患者
- CA client with a sucking chest wound and respiratory distress✓ 正解有吸吮性胸部傷口並伴有呼吸窘迫的患者
- DA client with massive intracranial hemorrhage and a GCS of 3有大量顱內出血且格拉斯哥昏迷指數（GCS）為 3 的患者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
災難分流中，紅色（Immediate）代表具備致命性但若給予及時介入有存活機會的狀況。開放性氣胸（吸吮性胸部傷口）需緊急處置以維持換氣。A 為黃色（延遲），D 為黑色（預期死亡），B 為綠色（輕傷）。
In disaster triage, a 'red' tag indicates an immediate priority for life-saving intervention, such as a client with a sucking chest wound causing respiratory distress. Unlike minor injuries tagged green or stable fractures tagged yellow, this condition threatens ventilation and requires urgent treatment to prevent death.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣災害醫療救援隊 (DMAT) 運作機制與美國系統相似，皆遵循 START 分流標準。