— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲患有恐慌症的病人表示感到瀕死感與胸悶。護理師優先採取的行動為何？
A 25-year-old client with a history of panic disorder reports feeling impending doom and chest tightness. Which nursing action is the highest priority?
- ATeach the client deep breathing exercises教導個案深呼吸練習
- BEncourage the client to discuss the source of stress鼓勵個案討論壓力來源
- CAdminister an as-needed dose of alprazolam給予處方劑量的阿普唑侖（alprazolam）
- DStay with the client in a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴個案於平靜安靜的環境中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌症（Panic disorder）急性發作時，個案會有瀕死感與強烈焦慮。護理師最重要的任務是陪伴（Presence），提供安全感。護理師的陪伴能給予個案穩定的心理支持，減少其對失控的恐懼。環境應保持安靜，減少外界感官刺激。在個案情緒未平復前，不應進行衛教或要求討論壓力源，因為此時個案完全無法專注。
Staying with the client in a calm, quiet environment provides immediate psychological support and safety during a panic attack, helping to reduce anxiety and the sense of impending doom. Interventions requiring cognitive processing, such as teaching or discussing stressors, are ineffective while the client is in an acute state of panic.