— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為一群成人舉辦疫苗衛教。哪一位參與者的發言需要護理師進一步澄清？
A nurse is conducting a health education session for a group of adults on vaccination. Which statement by a participant requires further clarification by the nurse?
- AI should get the influenza vaccine every year even if I feel healthy即使我覺得健康，我也應該每年接種流感疫苗
- BI do not need the Tdap vaccine because I had a tetanus shot 15 years ago✓ 正解我不需要 Tdap 疫苗，因為我在 15 年前注射過破傷風疫苗
- CI need a pneumococcal vaccine because I have chronic lung disease我需要肺炎球菌疫苗，因為我有慢性肺病
- DThe shingles vaccine is recommended for adults over 50 years of age50 歲以上的成人建議接種帶狀疱疹疫苗
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
成人需定期補打 Tdap (破傷風、白喉、百日咳)。破傷風疫苗建議每 10 年接種一次，個案 15 年未接種已過期，且缺乏百日咳免疫力。其他選項皆正確：流感疫苗需年度接種；帶狀疱疹疫苗建議 50 歲後接種；慢性病患屬肺炎鏈球菌疫苗的高危險群。
Further clarification is required when a client states they do not need the Tdap vaccine because their last tetanus shot was 15 years ago, as boosters are recommended every 10 years. Annual influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccines for those with chronic lung disease, and shingles vaccines for adults over 50 are all appropriate preventive measures.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣 Tdap 接種常在孕婦與醫護人員中推廣，一般成人若超過十年未追加需主動提醒。