— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位個案計畫前往 A 型肝炎流行地區進行國際旅遊。護理師應建議什麼？
A client is planning international travel to a region with high Hepatitis A prevalence. What should the nurse recommend?
- ADrink only bottled water and skip vaccines只飲用瓶裝水並跳過疫苗接種
- BEnsure they have enough supply of antiviral drugs確保備有足够的抗病毒藥物
- CStart prophylactic antibiotic therapy開始預防性抗生素治療
- DReceive the Hepatitis A vaccine series✓ 正解接受愛型肝炎疫苗系列接種
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
A 型肝炎主要透過糞口途徑傳播，在衛生條件較差的地區流行。對於計畫前往流行地區的旅客，預防勝於治療，疫苗接種是提供主動免疫的最佳策略。護理師應評估個案的旅遊行程，建議在出發前及時接種疫苗，以產生足夠的保護力。抗生素僅對細菌感染有效，對於 A 型肝炎病毒無效，且抗病毒藥物通常用於慢性肝炎治療，而非旅遊預防。
Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, making vaccination the most effective preventive measure for travelers to endemic areas. The nurse should recommend completing the vaccine series before departure to ensure adequate immunity. Hygiene practices alone are insufficient, and antibiotics or antivirals are not indicated for routine prophylaxis.