— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導青少年戒菸。下列哪項因素對該族群的戒菸成功最重要？
A nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about smoking cessation. Which factor is most important for successful cessation in this population?
- AProviding long-term cancer statistics提供長期癌症統計數據
- BSuggesting they switch to vaping as a transition建議他們改用電子煙作為過渡
- CPrescribing nicotine patches immediately立即處方尼古丁貼片
- DFocusing on the immediate social and aesthetic benefits✓ 正解著重於即時的社交與美學益處
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
青少年時期的心理發展特徵為關注「當下（Here and Now）」與自我形象。對此族群而言，長遠的癌症風險（A）過於抽象且缺乏立即感，難以引發改變動機。相反地，強調戒菸後的立即效益，如口氣清新、牙齒美觀、皮膚狀況改善及社交地位的提升，更能觸及青少年的價值觀。電子煙（B）雖常被視為減害工具，但其成癮性與未知健康危害不適合作為戒菸推薦。護理師應採用動機式晤談，結合青少年的關注點進行衛教。
Adolescents are developmentally focused on the present and their self-image, making long-term health risks like cancer seem abstract and irrelevant. Therefore, emphasizing immediate social and aesthetic benefits, such as improved skin and fresh breath, is more effective in motivating behavior change than discussing distant consequences.