— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位因深部靜脈栓塞(DVT)接受肝素(Heparin)點滴的病人,應監測哪些實驗數據以評估治療有效性?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is assessing a client receiving a heparin infusion for DVT. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness? (Select all that apply.)
- APT凝血酶原時間 (PT)
- BaPTT✓ 正解活化部分凝血活酶時間 (aPTT)
- CINR國際正常化比值 (INR)
- DAnti-Xa assay✓ 正解抗因子 Xa 檢測
- EPlatelet count✓ 正解血小板計數
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝素主要延長內因性路徑,臨床評估有效性指標為 aPTT 或 Anti-Xa assay。此外,必須監測血小板數值以預防肝素誘發之血小板低下症(HIT)。PT 與 INR 則是用於評估 Warfarin 的成效,而非肝素。
To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of unfractionated heparin, the nurse should monitor the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or anti-Xa assay levels. Additionally, platelet counts must be regularly assessed to detect Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), a serious potential complication. Prothrombin time (PT) and INR are used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國部分醫院現今較傾向使用 Anti-Xa 取代 aPTT 監測肝素,台灣醫療機構則多數仍採用 aPTT。