— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位喪偶的個案向護理師表示：「我簡直不敢相信他們走了，這感覺像場惡夢。」該個案正處於悲傷哀悼的哪一個階段？
A nurse is caring for a client who is grieving the loss of a spouse. The client states, 'I just can't believe they are gone; it feels like a bad dream.' Which stage of grief is this client experiencing?
- AAnger憤怒
- BBargaining討價還價
- CDenial✓ 正解否認
- DDepression憂鬱
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
悲傷哀悼（Grief）是個體面對重大失落時的自然反應。根據庫伯勒-羅斯（Kübler-Ross）的悲傷五階段模型，否認（Denial）通常是第一個階段。個體透過懷疑事實的真實性來緩衝突如其來的心理衝擊。題幹中個體描述「像場惡夢」，顯示其心理防衛機制正試圖隔絕痛苦的事實，這屬於典型的否認反應。護理師應給予個體空間，不要急於打破其防衛，而是傾聽並支持其適應過程。
The client is experiencing denial, the first stage of Kübler-Ross's grief model, characterized by disbelief and a sense that the loss is unreal or like a dream. This psychological defense mechanism helps buffer the initial shock of the event, and the nurse should allow the client time to process this reality without forcing immediate acceptance.