— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位有嗆咳（aspiration）病史的病人，進食過程中哪項行動對降低風險最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of aspiration. Which action is the most important to reduce risk during feeding?
- AProvide large, frequent bites提供大量且頻繁的咬一口
- BOffer thin liquids to keep the throat moist提供稀薄液體以保持喉嚨濕潤
- CEncourage the client to talk while eating鼓勵病人在進食時說話
- DEnsure the client is in a high-Fowler's position✓ 正解確保病人處於高福勒氏體位
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於有嗆咳（aspiration）風險的病人，進食時的姿勢直接影響氣道保護。高坐位（High-Fowler's position）利用重力將食物引導至食道而非氣管，並能最大化吞嚥時的肌肉協調。此題的核心是「安全優先」（Safety），正確的姿勢是預防吸入性肺炎（aspiration pneumonia）的第一道防線。
Positioning the client in a high-Fowler's position utilizes gravity to facilitate swallowing and direct food into the esophagus rather than the trachea. This upright posture maximizes muscle coordination during swallowing and serves as the primary safety measure to prevent aspiration pneumonia.