— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師預期一位酒精戒斷的病人會出現哪些徵兆？（選所有適合的）
Which signs or symptoms should the nurse anticipate in a client experiencing withdrawal from alcohol? (Select all that apply.)
- ATremors✓ 正解震顫
- BDiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- CHypotension低血壓
- DHallucinations✓ 正解幻覺
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
酒精戒斷典型反應為神經系統過度興奮。常見症狀包括手抖（Tremors）、盜汗（Diaphoresis）、心跳過速（Tachycardia）以及視、聽幻覺（Hallucinations）。血壓通常會升高而非降低。護理師需評估 CIWA-Ar 量表以決定藥物給予時機。
Alcohol withdrawal triggers sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, leading to autonomic instability characterized by tremors, diaphoresis, tachycardia, and hypertension. Hallucinations may also occur as the condition progresses to moderate or severe stages. Hypotension is not expected because the stress response typically elevates blood pressure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國臨床多嚴格運用 CIWA-Ar 協議；台灣醫師醫囑決定權較大，護理評估後的調整步調較慢。