— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈給藥,哪項行動是防止給藥錯誤最有效的方法?
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV medication to a client. Which action is the most effective way to prevent a medication error?
- AUse an electronic medication dispensing system使用電子藥物分配系統
- BAsk the client to state their full name and birth date請病人報出全名和出生日期
- CCheck the medication label against the MAR three times將藥物標籤與醫囑單核對三次
- DVerify the patient's ID band using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩種辨識方式驗證病人識別手圈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據國家病人安全目標(National Patient Safety Goals, NPSG),給藥安全的核心在於「正確辨識病人」。僅口頭詢問病人姓名極易因溝通障礙、聽力問題或意識狀態改變而產生錯誤。必須使用至少兩種辨識碼(Two identifiers),如病歷號碼(Medical Record Number)與出生日期,並核對手圈(ID band),這是臨床上最可靠的防禦機制。
The most effective way to prevent medication errors is verifying the patient's identity using two distinct identifiers, such as name and date of birth, against the wristband. This method is superior to verbal confirmation alone, which can be unreliable if the patient is confused or unable to communicate clearly.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院全面實施條碼給藥系統(BCMA),護理師必須掃描病人手圈條碼與藥物條碼,這已成為標準流程。台灣部分醫院雖有導入,但仍高度依賴三讀五對的紙本或人工核對習慣。