— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備給藥時，下列哪些行動展現了對病人安全的承諾？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which actions demonstrate the nurse's commitment to safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerifying the client's identity using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩項病人辨識資料來確認身分
- BChecking the medication label against the MAR three times✓ 正解將藥物標籤與醫囑單進行三次核對
- CAdministering the medication before checking the allergy status在未確認過敏狀況前給予藥物
- DReporting a near-miss medication error to the manager✓ 正解向主管通報近失誤藥物錯誤
- EDocumenting the medication after administration✓ 正解在給藥後記錄藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
確保給藥安全需遵循多重確認機制。兩項身份確認（姓名、生日）是基本；核對醫囑單（MAR）三次能防止差錯；即時紀錄（Administering, then documenting）能防止重複給藥；通報近失誤（Near-miss）有助於改善系統性問題。C 選項絕對錯誤，必須先檢查過敏史以防過敏性休克。
Medication safety is ensured by verifying the client's identity using two identifiers and checking the medication label against the MAR three times to prevent errors. Documenting administration immediately prevents double dosing, and reporting near-misses fosters a culture of safety, while assessing allergies must always precede administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛使用條碼給藥系統（BCMA）；台灣亦逐漸普及，但部分基層診所仍依賴人工核對。