— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備為病人給藥，下列哪些發現顯示靜脈治療可能出現併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer several medications to a client. Which of the following findings would indicate a potential complication of intravenous therapy? (Select all that apply.)
- ACoolness of the skin around the insertion site✓ 正解穿刺點周圍皮膚冰冷
- BPain at the infusion site✓ 正解輸注部位疼痛
- CHardness or swelling along the vein✓ 正解沿著靜脈有硬塊或腫脹
- DIncreased heart rate and shortness of breath✓ 正解心搏增快與呼吸困難
- ELeaking of fluid at the catheter hub✓ 正解導管接頭處滲液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸液併發症多元：A 為滲漏（Infiltration）；B、C 為靜脈炎（Phlebitis）症狀；D 可能暗示循環負荷過重（Circulatory Overload）；E 則顯示設備連接不完整。這些現象均需護理師停止輸注並評估病人狀態，以防後續更嚴重的全身性反應。
Potential complications of IV therapy include coolness at the site indicating infiltration, pain and hardness suggesting phlebitis, increased heart rate and shortness of breath signaling fluid overload, and fluid leakage indicating equipment failure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對 IV 併發症的評估標準一致，皆強調即時發現與評估，預防性移除導管。