病人獲開立靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師給藥前必須採取哪項行動？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action by the nurse is essential before administration?
- AAssess the patency of the peripheral IV site✓ 正解評估周邊靜脈注射部位的通暢性
- BCheck the client's blood pressure檢查病患的血壓
- CObtain a baseline electrocardiogram取得基線心電圖
- DVerify the serum potassium level is within normal range確認血清鉀濃度在正常範圍內
靜脈注射氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride）屬於高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。氯化鉀對血管壁具有強烈的刺激性，若發生滲漏（Infiltration）或外滲（Extravasation），將導致嚴重的化學性靜脈炎，甚至局部組織壞死。因此，確保靜脈留置針路徑通暢、血液回流良好是給藥前的必要步驟。雖然監測血鉀也很重要，但輸注時的局部安全性是護理師的第一道防線。
Intravenous potassium chloride is a high-alert medication. Potassium chloride is highly irritating to vessel walls, and any infiltration or extravasation will cause severe chemical phlebitis and even local tissue necrosis. Therefore, ensuring patency of the IV line with good blood return is an essential step before administration. Although monitoring serum potassium is also important, the local safety of infusion is the nurse's first line of defense.