一位病人獲開立靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin），護理師需監測「紅人症候群」。下列哪些臨床發現符合此狀況？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse understands the need to monitor for signs of 'Red Man Syndrome'. Which clinical findings are consistent with this condition? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解面部和頸部潮紅
- CPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- DBradycardia心搏過緩
- EGeneralized urticaria全身性蕁麻疹
紅人症候群是因為萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺大量釋放。臨床表現包括上半身（臉、頸、胸）潮紅、搔癢、低血壓等。嚴重時可能出現心跳過快而非心跳過慢（D選項）。蕁麻疹（E選項）通常為過敏反應的特徵，而非單純的紅人症表現。處理原則為暫停給藥並減慢輸注速率，並依醫囑給予抗組織胺。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to histamine release, resulting in flushing of the face and neck, pruritus, and hypotension due to peripheral vasodilation. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is commonly associated with the hypotension. Generalized urticaria suggests a true allergic reaction rather than this specific infusion-related syndrome. Management involves slowing the infusion rate and administering antihistamines as ordered.
台灣與美國臨床皆嚴格規定萬古黴素需在 60-90 分鐘以上輸注完畢，以預防此副作用。