— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位第一型糖尿病病人預計進行手術，目前禁食（NPO），護理師對於預定的胰島素應採取何項行動？
A client with type 1 diabetes is NPO for surgery. Which action regarding the client's scheduled insulin should the nurse take?
- AAdminister half the dose給予半劑量
- BConsult the physician for a modified dose✓ 正解諮詢醫師以調整劑量
- CAdminister the full dose to prevent hyperglycemia給予全劑量以防止高血糖
- DWithhold all insulin until the client resumes eating暫停所有胰島素，直到病人恢復進食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
禁食期間，常規胰島素攝取量若未調整，極易引發嚴重的醫源性低血糖。護理師應主動詢問醫師，依據病人血糖數值與手術類型調整胰島素方案，而非自行停藥或給予全量。第一型糖尿病病人即使禁食，仍需基礎胰島素以維持體內代謝。
Administering regular insulin while a patient is NPO can cause severe iatrogenic hypoglycemia. The nurse must consult the physician to adjust the insulin regimen, as type 1 diabetic patients still require basal insulin for metabolic maintenance even during fasting.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方多有標準化手術期血糖控制流程（Protocol），台灣則較依賴主治醫師個別醫囑。