— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人正接受靜脈肝素(Heparin)治療。護理師應監測哪些檢驗數值以評估療效?(選所有適合的)
A client is prescribed intravenous heparin therapy. Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor to assess the therapeutic effect of the drug? (Select all that apply.)
- AActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)✓ 正解活化部分凝血活酶時間 (aPTT)
- BProthrombin time (PT)凝血酶原時間 (PT)
- CInternational normalized ratio (INR)國際標準化比值 (INR)
- DAnti-Xa assay✓ 正解抗因子Xa檢測 (Anti-Xa assay)
- EPlatelet count✓ 正解血小板計數
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝素主要透過監測 aPTT 或 Anti-Xa 來評估凝血狀態。PT 和 INR 是用來監測華法林(Warfarin)的。此外,監測血小板計數(Platelet count)是為了預防肝素引起的血小板減少症(HIT),這是臨床重要的安全監測項目。
The therapeutic effect of intravenous heparin is monitored using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or anti-Xa assays. Additionally, platelet counts must be regularly checked to detect Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), a serious adverse reaction, whereas PT and INR are used for warfarin monitoring.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床多以 aPTT 為主,部分醫學中心已逐漸導入 Anti-Xa 監測。