— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一位經歷急性精神病發作的病人。病人情緒激動並對護理師大喊大叫，護理師應首先採取哪項行動？
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing an acute psychotic episode. The client is agitated and shouting at the nurse. Which action should the nurse take FIRST?
- ARespond with a calm, clear, and concise statement.✓ 正解以冷靜、清晰且簡潔的陳述回應
- BTell the client to stop shouting immediately.告訴病人立即停止大喊大叫
- CAdminister a PRN sedative.給予備用（PRN）鎮靜劑
- DRemove other clients from the area.將其他病人帶離該區域
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對激動且語言攻擊的病人，護理師的首要任務是確保安全（包括病人自身、自己及其他病人），並嘗試緩和情境。使用冷靜、清晰、簡潔的語言（A）有助於傳達控制感，並可能降低病人的激動程度。A 句可能無效，C 句非首要，D 句是後續安全措施。
Massaging the injection site after insulin administration indicates a need for further instruction because it increases local blood flow and accelerates absorption unpredictably. This practice raises the risk of iatrogenic hypoglycemia, whereas proper technique involves rotating sites, cleaning the skin, and gently pressing without rubbing.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台護理師在處理急性精神病發作的激動行為時，都強調冷靜溝通。美國在精神科急診的危機處理訓練上，可能更側重於非暴力溝通技巧的應用。