— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
下列哪項護理行為違反了病人隱私原則?
Which of the following actions by a nurse demonstrates a violation of client confidentiality?
- ADiscussing a client's diagnosis with their spouse in a private room在私人房間內與病人配偶討論其診斷結果
- BLeaving a client's chart open on the nursing station desk✓ 正解將病人的病歷打開留在護理站桌面上
- CVerifying a client's identity before medication administration在給藥前核對病人身份
- DProviding information to the physician during rounds在巡房期間向醫師提供資訊
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
本題的核心在於「健康保險隱私及責任法案(HIPAA)」對病人資訊保護的要求。護理師有義務確保病人的醫療紀錄(Medical records)不會被未經授權的人員接觸。將病人的紙本或電子病歷置於公共空間(如護理站桌面)且無人看管,極易導致隱私外洩,屬於嚴重的專業過失。臨床上,護理師必須養成隨手關閉螢幕或將紙本病歷收納於隱蔽處的習慣,以維護病人的隱私權。
A history of falling within the last three months is the strongest predictor of future falls according to the Morse Fall Scale. While age, assistive device use, and presence of IV lines contribute to risk, recent fall history carries the highest weighted significance in assessing potential for recurrence.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 HIPAA 法規極其嚴格,對隱私保護的違規懲處包含行政罰款及刑責,醫院內部稽核非常頻繁。台灣雖有個資法,但臨床環境中病歷放置的管制嚴謹度與美國相比,美國對「護理站公共區域」的規範更為敏感。