— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列護理師的哪項作為顯示其對無菌技術的了解？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of sterile technique during a dressing change? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeeping the sterile field within the line of vision✓ 正解將無菌區域保持在視線範圍內
- BTouching only the outer 1-inch border of the sterile drape✓ 正解僅觸碰無菌鋪單外側 1 英吋的邊緣
- CPlacing the sterile package above waist level✓ 正解將無菌包裝放置在腰部以上高度
- DReaching over the sterile field to pick up a gauze跨越無菌區域撿取紗布
- EKeeping the hands held above the elbows after a surgical scrub✓ 正解外科刷手後，雙手保持高於手肘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
無菌技術（Sterile technique）旨在建立並維持無菌區，以預防微生物進入傷口或無菌體腔。核心原則包括：僅觸碰無菌物品的邊緣、保持無菌區在視線範圍內、物品高度需高於腰部、以及維持無菌手臂姿勢。違反這些原則會導致無菌區污染，增加病人感染風險。護理師必須時刻保持警覺，若對無菌狀態有懷疑，則視為已污染。
Maintaining a sterile field requires keeping it within the line of vision to prevent unnoticed contamination. The outer 1-inch border of sterile drapes is considered non-sterile and safe to touch, while items below waist level are automatically contaminated. Additionally, keeping hands above elbows after scrubbing uses gravity to prevent waterborne contaminants from flowing down to sterile areas.