— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
護理師的哪些作為體現了精神科護理中的文化能力？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions by the nurse demonstrate an understanding of cultural competency in psychiatric nursing? (Select all that apply.)
- AUsing a professional interpreter for a client who does not speak the language✓ 正解為不懂語言之病人使用專業口譯員
- BAsking the client about their spiritual or healing beliefs✓ 正解詢問病人之靈性或療愈信念
- CAssuming that all clients from the same region share the same beliefs假設來自同一地區之所有病人擁有相同信念
- DModifying care plans to include family involvement when appropriate✓ 正解在適當情況下修改照顧計畫以包含家屬參與
- EApplying the same standard nursing care to all clients regardless of background無論背景為何，對所有病人適用相同的標準護理
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
文化能力要求護理師尊重差異、進行個別化照護。A、B、D 分別對應語言溝通、價值觀認同與家族支持網絡。C 選項錯誤：絕對不可標籤化或刻板印象化；E 選項錯誤：文化護理的核心在於因地制宜，而非齊頭式平等。
Cultural competence requires respecting differences and providing individualized care rather than relying on stereotypes or applying uniform standards. Using professional interpreters, exploring spiritual beliefs, and involving family when appropriate support holistic, patient-centered practice. Conversely, assuming uniformity among cultural groups or ignoring individual needs hinders effective care.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫療機構強制要求文化能力教育培訓；台灣則多依賴資深護理師的經驗，對特定族群（如新住民）的文化識能仍有提升空間。