— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師向社區民眾教導中風預防，民眾應立即報告哪些中風徵兆？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community about stroke prevention. Which signs of a stroke should the client report immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- ASudden confusion or trouble speaking✓ 正解突發性混亂或說話困難
- BSudden severe headache with no known cause✓ 正解突發性原因不明的劇烈頭痛
- CSudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg✓ 正解臉部、手臂或腿部突發性麻木或無力
- DSudden onset of mild joint pain突發性輕微關節疼痛
- ESudden loss of vision in one or both eyes✓ 正解一隻或兩隻眼睛突發性失明
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中風的臨床表現多為突發性神經功能障礙，護理師需教導民眾辨識這些徵兆以爭取黃金治療時間。核心概念在於「突發（Sudden）」，這與血管阻塞或出血導致腦組織缺氧或受損有關。正確選項均為中風的典型症狀，符合美國心臟協會（AHA）制定的 FAST 原則（臉部下垂、手臂無力、說話困難、時間緊迫）。對於中風病人，護理師的優先順序是立即啟動緊急醫療服務（EMS）。
Stroke symptoms are characterized by sudden neurological deficits, aligning with the FAST principle (Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call emergency services). Clients must report sudden confusion, severe headache, unilateral weakness, or vision loss immediately to facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment.