— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲廣泛性焦慮症患者至診所主訴長期擔憂與失眠。護理師應採取何種措施以建立治療性關係？
A 25-year-old client with generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic with reports of constant worry and insomnia. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize to foster a therapeutic relationship?
- AOffer immediate advice on stress management techniques立即提供壓力管理技巧的建議
- BEncourage the client to suppress negative thoughts鼓勵個案壓抑負面想法
- CDemonstrate active listening and validate the client's feelings✓ 正解展現積極傾聽並確認個案的感受
- DSchedule a follow-up appointment for cognitive behavioral therapy安排認知行為治療的回診
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療性溝通的核心在於接納與同理。護理師應先營造安全感，透過主動傾聽與情緒確認（Validation），讓患者感受到被理解，而非急於提供建議或進行認知修正。過早給建議（A）會阻斷溝通，壓抑想法（B）是負面應對機制，預約治療（D）屬後續流程，非當下建立關係的首要動作。
Therapeutic communication prioritizes building trust through active listening and validating the client's feelings. This approach creates a safe environment for the client to express concerns without feeling judged or rushed. Providing premature advice or encouraging suppression of thoughts can hinder rapport and effective coping.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美在精神護理中皆強調同理心，但美國護理師在門診更常運用特定溝通技巧（如 Motivational Interviewing）進行初期評估。