— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人因 MRSA 感染接受靜脈注射萬古黴素（vancomycin）。若輸注速度過快，護理師應警覺出現何種反應？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin for a MRSA infection. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a reaction to an infusion that is too rapid?
- AEcchymosis at the IV site靜脈注射部位出現瘀斑
- BGeneralized pruritus and hypotension全身性搔癢和低血壓
- CWheezing and dyspnea哮鳴和呼吸困難
- DRedness of the face, neck, and upper torso✓ 正解臉部、頸部和上半身潮紅
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是由於組織胺釋放造成的血管舒張，表現為臉部、頸部及上半身潮紅，有時伴隨搔癢。這並非真正的過敏反應，通常透過減慢輸注速度或先給抗組織胺來緩解。
Rapid infusion of vancomycin can cause Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction characterized by flushing and erythema of the face, neck, and upper torso. This is not a true IgE-mediated allergy but rather a direct effect of the infusion rate, which can be managed by slowing the administration or premedicating with antihistamines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均規範萬古黴素輸注時間至少需 60-90 分鐘，台灣護理師亦常利用幫浦嚴控速率。