— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護疑似瀰散性血管內凝血（DIC）病人，應預期出現哪些檢驗數據？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which laboratory findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- AProlonged Prothrombin Time (PT)✓ 正解凝血酶原時間（PT）延長
- BIncreased fibrinogen level纖維蛋白原水平升高
- CDecreased platelet count✓ 正解血小板計數下降
- DElevated D-dimer✓ 正解D-dimer 升高
- EProlonged Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)✓ 正解活化部分凝血活酶時間（aPTT）延長
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DIC 為病理性的凝血與纖維蛋白溶解亢進。因凝血因子大量消耗，導致 PT 與 aPTT 延長；血小板因形成微血栓而被消耗掉，計數下降；D-dimer 是纖維蛋白裂解產物，會顯著升高；纖維蛋白原（Fibrinogen）則因被大量消耗而呈現降低狀態。
In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the consumption of clotting factors leads to prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Additionally, platelet counts decrease due to microthrombi formation, D-dimer levels rise as a product of fibrinolysis, and fibrinogen levels drop rather than increase.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於 DIC 的檢驗數值判定標準一致，但美國護理團隊對於實驗室數據與出血徵兆的聯動監測更強調跨團隊即時溝通。