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基本照護與舒適 · HARD · MCQ

護理師計畫照護一位需要身體約束的病人,下列哪項要求是必要的?

A nurse is planning care for a client requiring restraints. Which requirement is mandatory?

  • AObtain a time-limited provider order✓ 正解
    取得有時效限制之醫師指示
  • BSecure restraints to the side rail
    將約束帶固定在床欄上
  • CUse restraints as a first-line intervention
    將約束作為第一線介入措施
  • DLeave the client unattended to reduce stimulation
    讓病人無人看管以降低刺激
Explanation · 中文詳解

身體約束(Physical Restraints)在美國法律與護理實務中被視為最後手段(Last resort)。若必須使用,必須遵循「最小限制(Least Restrictive)」原則,並嚴格遵守醫師處方(Provider order)。該處方必須包含明確的持續時間與評估頻率,絕對禁止長期或無限制的約束,以維護病人的權利與尊嚴。

Restraints are considered a last-resort intervention and must be used in accordance with the least restrictive principle. To ensure patient safety and dignity, a provider's order is mandatory and must specify a strict time limit for continuous use along with required reassessment intervals.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國醫院對於約束的法規極為嚴格(如 The Joint Commission 標準),護理師必須詳細記錄約束的必要性、評估結果及每小時的護理觀察。與台灣相比,美國法律對於病患自主權的保障更為強調,違規使用約束可能面臨嚴重的法律責任。

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