病人靜脈滴注氯化鉀 20 mEq 於 100 mL 生理食鹽水中，護理師發現注射部位腫脹、冰冷且蒼白。護理師的首要行動是什麼？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of potassium chloride 20 mEq in 100 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline. The nurse notes the infusion site is swollen, cool, and pale. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AApply a warm compress to the area在患處應用熱敷
- BNotify the physician for an antidote通知醫師給予解毒劑
- CStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
- DFlush the IV line to check patency沖洗靜脈通路以檢查通暢性
此臨床表現符合靜脈輸液滲漏（Infiltration）。由於氯化鉀具強烈刺激性，若發生滲漏可能導致組織壞死，必須立刻停止輸注並移除針頭，以防止藥物繼續對皮下組織造成損傷，並依照院內標準程序處理受影響部位。
The signs of swelling, coolness, and pallor at the infusion site indicate infiltration of the IV fluid into surrounding tissues. Since potassium chloride is highly irritating and can cause tissue necrosis, the priority action is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further damage. Flushing the line or applying heat could exacerbate the injury or force more medication into the extravascular space.
美台臨床皆視輸液外滲為需立即處理的護理問題，但美國對高警訊藥物（鉀）的監測紀錄與意外報告要求更為嚴謹。