— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位病人剛獲處方 Lisinopril 準備出院。護理師應提供哪些指導？（選所有適合的）
A client with a new prescription for Lisinopril is being discharged. Which instructions should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
- AChange positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension✓ 正解緩慢改變姿勢以預防姿勢性低血壓
- BReport any persistent dry cough to the provider✓ 正解若有持續乾咳應回報給醫師
- CIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods增加富含鉀的食物攝取
- DMonitor blood pressure regularly at home✓ 正解定期在家監測血壓
- EAvoid using salt substitutes containing potassium✓ 正解避免使用含鉀的代鹽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑（如 Lisinopril）常見副作用為頑固性乾咳，且因具有保鉀利尿作用，易導致高血鉀，故嚴禁使用含鉀鹽替代品。此外，藥物會造成血管擴張，易引發姿勢性低血壓，衛教時需強調緩慢起身，並居家定期監測血壓以確保療效。
Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause vasodilation leading to orthostatic hypotension, so clients should change positions slowly. It also commonly causes a persistent dry cough and retains potassium, making it essential to avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes to prevent hyperkalemia. Regular home blood pressure monitoring helps ensure the medication is effective.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣病人常使用低鈉鹽，護理師需特別提醒此類飲食禁忌。