— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一名 45 歲焦慮症病人對即將到來的年度績效評估表示極度恐懼。護理師最優先的護理措施為何？
A 45-year-old client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder expresses intense fear about an upcoming performance review. What is the most appropriate initial nursing response?
- AAssure the client that everything will be fine向病人保證一切都會沒事的
- BAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication immediately立即給予處方之 PRN 抗焦慮藥物
- CChange the subject to distract the client from the anxiety改變話題以分散病人對焦慮的注意力
- DEncourage the client to explore specific thoughts related to the fear✓ 正解鼓勵病人探索與恐懼相關的具體想法
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療性溝通的首要目標是協助病人辨識並釐清焦慮來源。開放式提問能幫助病人將抽象的恐懼具體化，進而分析並處理這些非理性的擔憂。直接給藥或過度安撫通常無效且會阻礙情緒處理，轉移話題則會導致病人感到被忽視，無法建立信賴關係。
Therapeutic communication requires helping the client identify and clarify the source of anxiety through open-ended questions. This approach allows the client to reality-test irrational fears. False reassurance, distraction, or immediate medication administration does not address the underlying psychological issue.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方護理常規強調心理治療諮商技巧，台方臨床因護病比高，護理師常需仰賴醫師開立藥物作為快速緩解手段。