— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人正在靜脈輸注氯化鉀 20 mEq 於 100 mL 生理食鹽水中，護理師觀察到輸注部位紅腫且疼痛。請問優先處置為何？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of Potassium Chloride 20 mEq in 100 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline. The nurse notes the IV site is erythematous and painful. What is the priority action?
- ASlow the infusion rate減緩輸注速率
- BDiscontinue the IV infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止靜脈輸注
- CFlush the IV line with 10 mL saline用 10 mL 生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈管路
- DApply a cold compress to the site在輸注部位應用冷敷
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有強烈的組織刺激性，一旦觀察到輸注部位紅腫且疼痛，代表可能已發生靜脈炎（Phlebitis）或外滲（Extravasation）。護理師的首要處置是立即停止輸注，以防止藥物持續進入皮下組織造成更嚴重的壞死。隨後應移除靜脈管路並評估受損情況，並依照醫院政策進行後續處理（如更換部位或冰敷/熱敷）。
Potassium chloride is a potent irritant that can cause tissue necrosis if it extravasates. The priority action is to discontinue the infusion immediately to prevent further damage to the surrounding tissue, followed by removing the catheter and assessing the site according to facility policy.