— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位術前禁食的病人抱怨口乾。護理師應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. The client is complaining of dry mouth. Which actions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AOffer ice chips to suck on提供冰塊讓病人含吮
- BPerform oral care with a moist swab✓ 正解使用濕棉棒進行口腔護理
- CProvide lip balm to prevent chapping✓ 正解提供護唇膏以防止嘴唇乾裂
- DAllow the client to rinse with mouthwash and spit允許病人用漱口水漱口並吐出
- EApply a wet cloth to the client's forehead在病人額頭敷上濕布
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術前禁食（NPO）的病人因無法攝取水分，極易出現口乾（Xerostomia）。護理重點在於緩解不適而不打破禁食原則。使用濕潤的海綿棒進行口腔護理，可濕潤口腔黏膜且無誤吸風險；塗抹護唇膏可預防唇部乾裂。冰塊雖然可以緩解口乾，但仍屬攝取內容物，在術前禁食規範下應禁止。漱口水即使吐出也有誤吸風險，且冷敷額頭無法改善口腔乾燥問題。
Appropriate interventions include performing oral care with moist swabs and applying lip balm to relieve dryness without violating NPO status. Ice chips and mouthwash are contraindicated due to the risks of ingestion and accidental aspiration, respectively.