— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師衛教病人規律運動的重要性。哪項運動帶來的益處與改善心血管健康有關？
A nurse is counseling a client about the importance of regular exercise. Which benefit of exercise is associated with improved cardiovascular health?
- ADecreased lung capacity.肺活量降低
- BIncreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.✓ 正解高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 膽固醇增加
- CIncreased systemic peripheral edema.全身性周邊水腫增加
- DLowered basal metabolic rate.基礎代謝率降低
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
規律的有氧運動對心血管系統具有多重正面影響。核心機轉在於透過增加能量消耗與改變脂質代謝，進而優化血脂分布。高密度脂蛋白（HDL）被稱為「好膽固醇」，其功能是將周邊組織的膽固醇運回肝臟進行代謝，進而減少血管內斑塊堆積的風險。臨床評估心血管健康時，不僅關注低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的下降，HDL 的提升同樣是反映運動成效與降低冠狀動脈疾病風險的關鍵指標。
Agranulocytosis is a potentially fatal side effect of clozapine that results in a severe deficiency of white blood cells, leaving the client vulnerable to life-threatening infections. Immediate discontinuation of the medication is required upon detection, necessitating strict monitoring of absolute neutrophil counts.