— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
對於飲食調整，處於「行動階段」（Action）的個案，下列哪些護理措施適當？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client in the 'Action' stage of the Transtheoretical Model regarding diet modification? (Select all that apply.)
- AProviding a meal plan for a healthy diet✓ 正解提供健康飲食的餐計畫
- BEncouraging self-monitoring through food logs✓ 正解鼓勵透過食物記錄進行自我監測
- CDiscussing the benefits of dietary changes討論飲食改變的好處
- DIdentifying potential triggers for unhealthy eating✓ 正解識別潛在的不健康飲食誘因
- ESuggesting strategies for handling social eating events✓ 正解建議處理社交聚餐活動的策略
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
跨理論模型（Transtheoretical Model, TTM）將行為改變分為不同階段。「行動階段」（Action）指個案在過去 6 個月內已開始改變行為。此階段的護理目標是支持個案維持改變，並提供實務工具。包括提供具體的飲食計畫、教導如何自我監控（記錄飲食）、辨識誘因及應對社交挑戰，以鞏固改變的效果。
Clients in the Action stage of the Transtheoretical Model require concrete tools to maintain behavioral changes, such as providing meal plans, encouraging self-monitoring via food logs, and identifying triggers. Interventions should focus on practical strategies for handling social situations to sustain the new behavior, whereas discussing benefits is more appropriate for earlier stages like Contemplation.