— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
哪項評估最能有效評估病人的水分攝取是否足夠？
Which of the following assessments best evaluates the adequacy of a client's fluid intake?
- AThe client's daily weight病人的每日體重
- BThe client's daily caloric intake病人的每日熱量攝取
- CThe client's urine output✓ 正解病人的尿液排出量
- DThe color of the client's skin病人皮膚的顏色
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
評估水分攝取是否足夠，核心在於監測液體的輸入與輸出平衡（I&O）。尿量是最能直接反映腎臟灌流與全身水分狀況的客觀指標。當尿量維持在每小時 30 mL 以上，通常顯示腎臟灌流充足，水分攝取與輸出平衡良好。相比之下，體重雖能反映水分變化，但容易受營養狀況、水腫或肌肉流失影響；皮膚顏色與卡路里則與水分代謝無直接相關。
Urine output is the most reliable objective indicator of adequate fluid intake and renal perfusion. Maintaining an output of at least 30 mL per hour suggests that fluid balance is sufficient, whereas other factors like weight can be influenced by variables unrelated to hydration.