— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估客戶的生活型態。護理師應問哪項問題以評估初級預防？
A nurse is evaluating a client's health lifestyle. Which question should the nurse ask to assess for primary prevention?
- AHow often do you go for your annual blood work?你多久做一次年度血液檢查？
- BHow often do you check your blood pressure at home?你多久在家測量一次血壓？
- CHave you noticed any lumps in your breast lately?你最近有沒有注意到乳房有腫塊？
- DAre you up to date on your immunizations?✓ 正解你的疫苗接種都齊全了嗎？
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
護理評估應區分預防層級。初級預防（Primary prevention）旨在「預防疾病發生」，透過疫苗接種（Immunization）建立免疫力是典型例子。其他選項分別涉及血液篩檢、症狀自我觀察及生理數值監測，這些均屬於次級預防（Secondary prevention），即透過早期發現異常來阻止疾病進展。
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease occurrence before it starts, making immunizations the correct assessment focus as they build immunity. Options involving routine labs, blood pressure monitoring, and breast self-exams are examples of secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection and screening rather than initial disease prevention.