— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
針對接受化學治療的病人，下列哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for a patient receiving chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor white blood cell count daily✓ 正解每日監測白血球計數
- BEncourage a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation from antiemetics✓ 正解鼓勵攝取高纖維飲食以預防止吐藥引起的便秘
- CAdminister antiemetics after nausea develops在噁心發生後給予止吐藥
- DImplement strict neutropenic precautions✓ 正解實施嚴格的中性球防護措施
- EInstruct on meticulous oral hygiene to prevent stomatitis✓ 正解指導精細的口腔衛生以預防口炎
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
化療病人因骨髓抑制，白血球（特別是嗜中性球）數值會下降，導致免疫功能受損，需實施嚴格的中性球減少防護（Neutropenic precautions）。此外，化療藥物常見副作用包括便秘（受止吐藥影響）及口腔炎（Stomatitis），需透過高纖飲食與口腔衛教預防。止吐藥應採取「預防性」給予，而非症狀出現後才使用，以維持病人的營養與舒適度。
Chemotherapy causes bone marrow suppression, necessitating daily white blood cell monitoring and strict neutropenic precautions to prevent infection. Nurses should also encourage a high-fiber diet to manage constipation from antiemetics and teach meticulous oral hygiene to prevent stomatitis.